The drive to make policy more evidence-based has prompted scholars and practitioners to call for removing politics from global health policy making. This stance is neither possible nor is it desirable, because many issues, such as what constitutes a just allocation of health resources, can only be settled legitimately through democratic deliberation. As our new Lancet Series on Political Science and Health 1, 2, 3 reveals, politics matters and should become an indispensable part of global health policy discussions